Gun sight



33-25%. (m 297479.2 1 SR y 9, 1956 F. w. SAMPSON 2,747,281

GUN SIGHT Filed May 8, 1952 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN VEN TOR.

fflfDEH/CK H. SA/IPMN 1/141, Mam/u Hi6 ATTOBNHS y 9, 1956 F. w. SAMPSON 2,747,281

GUN SIGHT Filed May 8, 1952 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 lly 40 M '46 4 J7 w; l 4f 7 .45 7 if 14 522/12 i 8 93 1? L 4i .2; Z 42 Z6 J4 Kw a 4; \9 if J .7 id 7 INVENTOR.

m, fiww/mw Hi5 ATHJHNEYS United States Patent GUN SIGHT Frederick W. Sampson, Dayton, Ohio, assignor to General Motors Corporation, Detroit, Mich., a corporation of Delaware Application May 8, 1952, Serial No. 286,723

10 Claims. (CI. 33-56) The present invention relates to gun sights and more particularly to a rear gun sight.

When a gun is initially manufactured and assembled, it is necessary to set the sights so that the gun will accurately traject its projectiles towards a target. To effect this setting or calibration, means must be provided that permit lateral and vertical zeroing of the gun sight assembly. Hereinafter by lateral and vertical zeroing, I mean windage zero adjustment and elevation zero adjustment for a particular gun. After the sight is calibrated, it must be permanently fastened or secured in place. In addition to the adjustments of the sight assembly, the gun sight, per se, must be provided with means that permit windage and elevation adjustment to suit the particular exigencies of the gun in use. Accordingly, one or my objects is to provide a rear gun sight of simplified design and sturdy construction that incorporates means permitting adjustment for windage and elevation, and further to provide a mount for the gun sight that incorporates means for effecting lateral and vertical zeroing to calibrate the sight for a particular gun.

The aforementioned and other objects are accomplished in the present invention by providing a mount for a rear gun sight having lateral and vertical zero adjustment, and provided with means for permanently maintaining this calibration. In addition, the rear gun sight is constructed to provide for windage and elevation adjustment after calibration. Specifically, the sight mount is supported on the receiver portion of a gun. After the sight mount has been zeroed for a particular gun, it is permanently secured to the receiver portion of the gun to maintain the lateral zeroing calibration. Then, the sight barrel of the gun sight is permanently fastened to the mount to maintain the vertical zeroing calibration. Thereafter the operator may adjust the gun sight for windage and elevation to suit the particular exigencies m use.

Further objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, wherein preferred embodiments of the present invention are clearly shown, and wherein similar reference characters denote similar parts through the several views.

Fig. 1 is an elevational view of a gun embodying the sight of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a view in perspective of the rear gun sight.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along lines 3-3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along lines 4-4 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken along lines 5-5 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken along lines 6-6 of Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken along lines 7-7 of Fig. 5.

2,747,281 Patented May 29, 1956 ice Fig. 8 is a sectional view taken along lines 8-8 of Fig. 5.

Fig. 9 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view of the gun sight barrel showing a modified form of construction.

Referring more particularly to Fig. 1 of the drawings, a gun is shown comprising a barrel 1 having disposed thereon a front sight 2. The barrel is suitably secured to a receiver portion 3 of the gun upon which is mounted a rear gun sight 4. Referring particularly to Fig. 2, the rear sight 4 includes a sight support comprising a base member integral with the receiver portion 3 of the gun. The base member is provided with an extending bifurcated portion, which forms end members 5 and 6. The end members 5 and 6 have transversely extending tracks 7 and 8 therein, Figs. 2 and 4. Mounted on the end members 5 and 6 and having a projecting portion 9 contiguous with the tracks 7 and 8 is a sight mount 10. The sight mount 10 is supported for movement transversely of the receiver portion 3. The sight mount 10 is provided with an integral semi-circular extension 11 between its ends. The sight mount 10 is also provided with a substantially rectangular opening 12', Figs. 4 and 5, in alignment with the semi-circular extension 11.

A bracket preferably integral with a cover 22 mounted on the receiver portion 3 is provided with a pair of spaced apertured abutment members 14 and 15. The abutment members 14 and 15 are disposed between and engage base end members 5 and 6. A hollow sleeve 16, secured at opposite ends within the apertured abutment members 14 and 15, provides a surface upon which a rectangular post 18, having chamfered corners, is mounted for reciprocal movement. One end of the post 18 is bifurcated to provide two shoulder members 19 and 20, which are apertured to receive the hollow sleeve 16. A pin 17 extends between end members 5 and 6 and through the hollow sleeve 16, and provides a support for the several apertured members aforedescribed.

The cover 22 is provided with a transversely extending slot 24. A windage arm or lever 25 having a lug portion 26 at one end thereof extending between shoulders 19 and 20, is pivoted intermediate its lengths by means of a stud 27. The lug portion 26 is machined to close tolerances so that it is substantially in tight engagement between shoulder members 19 and 20, as shown in Fig. 4. The stud 27 passes through an aperture 28 in the windage arm 25. Between the head of the stud 27 and the windage arm is a spring washer 29, and between the windage arm 25 and the cover 22 is a second washer 30. The other end of the windage arm 25 is provided with projecting detent means 31, which are adapted to engage cooperable recessed detent means on a scale member 32 mounted on the cover 22.

When the stud 27, having threaded engagement with the nut 23, is loosened therefrom, the arm 25 and stud 27 may be moved about detent 31, thereby effecting reciprocal movement of the sight mount 10 along sleeve 16, by reason of the transversely extending slot 24 in the cover. This adjustment is utilized to effect lateral zeroing, or windage zeroing, of the gun sight 4. After the sight has been calibrated for zero windage by means of the arm 25 and the stud 27, the stud 27 is tightened and the calibration will be maintained for a particular gun. After the sight has been calibrated for zero windage, the windage arm 25 may be pivoted about stud 27, thereby causing transverse movement of the post member 18 along the hollow sleeve 16. The detent means 31 are removed from engagement with the scale detent means during the windage adjustment. Moreover, the scale 32 may be graduated in any suitable manner, such as in wind ve locity, miles per hour. One of the features of the present invention is that for any adjustment or readadjustment of the arm 25 for lateral zeroing, that is, correcting alignment of the gun barrel and the sights, the amount of windage adjustment remains substantially constant.

The cylindrical extension 11 is provided with two diametrically disposed tabs or tangs 33 and 34, which are bent into an annular groove formed on a sight barrel extension 35, which is mounted for rotation upon the sight mount 10. The sight barrel extension is provided intermediate its ends with an internally threaded portion 36. The exterior of the barrel extension 35 is indexed for elevation adjustment. Disposed within the extension barrel 35' and concentric therewith is a sight barrel 37 having threaded engagement with the portion 36 of the sight barrel extension. The threaded engagement between the sight barrel extension 35 and the sight barrel 37 provide means for effecting vertical zeroing of the gun sight for a particular gun. This feature is particularly important and avoids the necessity of grinding off the front sights to calibrate the rear sight for a barrel. To vertically zero the sight 4, the sight barrel 37 is rotated relative to the sight barrel extension 35, thereby effecting axial movement of the sight barrel 37 relative to the sight mount 10. After the sight has been vertically zeroed, the sight barrel 37 is preferably staked at 38 to the sight barrel extension 35 to thereafter prevent relative movement between these two members. As an alternative construction, shown in Fig. 9, a screw device 39 may be utilized to fasten the sight barrel 37 to the sight barrel extension 35 after calibration.

The sight barrel 37 is provided with an internal high lead screw thread 40. A cylinder 41 having external threads 42 in engagement with the internal threads 40 of the sight barrel, is telescopically supported therein. One end of the cylinder 41 is provided with a peep sight 43 through which the operator of the gun may sight a target with the aid of the front sight 2. The peep sight or apertured member 43 is provided with a serrated portion 44, which engages the inner surface of the hollow cylinder 41. The cylinder 41 is provided with an axially extending recess 45 of substantially rectangular configuration having chamfered corners. The axially extending recess 45 is adapted to provide a socket for the reception of the substantially rectangular post 18. By reason of the post 18 being restrained from rotation by means of shoulder members 19 and 20, rotation of sight barrel 37 will effect axial movement of the cylinder 41 and the peep sight 43. This construction provides the means for elevation adjustment after the sight has been calibrated for a particular gun, and the sight barrel 37 is securely fastened to the sight barrel extension 35. The rod 18 is provided intermediate its ends with a grooved portion which supports a C-washer 46. Adjacent the lower end of the sight barrel extension 35, a stop washer 47 is disposed. The stop washer 4 7 is provided with detent means that cooperate with detent means on a radially extending flange 48 on the sight barrel extension 35. The cooperating detent means on members 47 and 48 provide indexing means for the elevation adjustment.

Disposed between washers 46 and 47 is a compression spring 49, which preloads the engaging threads on the sight barrel extension 35 and the sight barrel 37. An exterior portion of the sight barrel 37 is knurled at 50 to provide for ease of elevation adjustment. In addition, the exterior of the barrel 37 is graduated to provide a scale by which the range of the gun may be determined, such as in thousands of feet.

With the sight 4 mounted on a receiver portion of a gun, a barrel may be installed on the gun and the sight may be calibrated in the following manner. The operator may first loosen the stud 27 and adjust the arm 25 to laterally zero the gun sight while detent means 31 remain at zero on the scale 32. After this operation, the stud 27 is tightened and the complete range of windage adjustment is available. The operator may then vertically zero the gun sight. This is done by rotating the sight barrel 37 relative to the sight barrel extension 35. After the sight has been vertically zeroed, the operator either stakes the sight barrel at 38 or tightens the screw device 39. As the gun sight 4 is now calibrated, the gun may immediately be put in use.

In use, the operator adjusts the windage arm 25 for the wind velocity present at the particular place of use. Then the operator rotates the sight barrel 37 and selects the desired range or elevation adjustment. After these adjustments have been completed, the gun can be fired with accuracy.

It is apparent from the aforegoing description that the gun sight of the present invention is of exceedingly simple construction and very easily calibrated. By means of the lateral and vertical zeroing adjustment means, it is entirely possible to replace barrels and calibrate the rear sight at a field depot. Moreover, the windage and elevation adjustment means are extraordinarily sturdy and relatively simple to operate.

While the embodiments of the present invention as herein disclosed, constitute preferred forms, it is to be understood that other forms might be adopted.

What is claimed is as follows:

1. In a gun sight, the combination including, a support adapted to be secured to the receiver portion of a gun, a sight barrel extension rotatably mounted on said sight mount but restrained against axial movement relative thereto, a sight barrel having threaded engagement with said sight barrel extension whereby relative rotation therebetween will effect axial movement of said sight barrel, a non-rotatable sight operatively engaging said sight barrel such that axial movement of said sight barrel and rotation of said sight barrel will effect axial movement of said sight, the construction and arrangement being such that a vertical zeroing adjustment of said sight may be accomplished by effecting relative rotation between said sight barrel and said sight barrel extension, and means operable to prevent relative rotation between said sight barrel and said sight barrel extension for main taining said vertical zeroing adjustment.

2. The combination set forth in claim 1 wherein the means for maintaining said vertical zeroing adjustment includes a stake.

3. The combination set forth in claim 1 wherein the means for maintaining said vertical zeroing adjustment includes a screw device.

4. In a gun sight, sighting means including, a base member, a sight mount disposed for reciprocal movement on said base member, a windage arm having one end operatively associated with said sight mount and the other end engaging a detent, means pivotally supporting said windage arm intermediate its ends whereby movements of said arm about its pivotal connection will effect windage adjustment of said sight, and means including the pivotal support for said windage arm for moving the windage arm transversely of said base member to thereby effect reciprocal movement of said sight mount to accomplish a lateral zeroing adjustment of said sight.

5. In a gun sight, a base member associated with the receiver portion of a gun, a sight mount disposed on said base member for reciprocal movement, means operatively associated with said sight mount to reciprocate the same for effecting lateral zeroing of said sight, at sight barrel rotatably supported on said base member, said sight barrel having an externally threaded portion, an internally threaded member mounted for rotation on said sight mount, the threaded portions of said barrel and said member being in engagement, and relative rotation therebetween being utilized to effect vertical zeroing of said sight.

6. In a gun sight, a base associated with the receiver portion of a gun, a sight mount disposed on said base for reciprocal movement, a member associated with said mount, and means pivotally supporting said member on a portion of said gun, said pivotal support including a cover having a transversely elongated opening, a screw carried by said member and projecting through said opening, and a nut for receiving said screw, the construction and arrangement being such that said member may be moved transversely relative to said gun to effect reciprocal movement of said sight mount to thereby accomplish lateral zeroing of said sight.

7. In a sight, sighting means including, a base having a bifurcated portion, a sight mount disposed on said bifurcated portion, a member having spaced shoulders defining a groove disposed within said bifurcated portion, means interconnecting said bifurcated portion and said shoulders and supporting said member for reciprocal movement, a sight barrel mounted on said sight mount and operatively associated with said member, a windage arm having an end portion operatively engaging said groove, and means pivotally supporting said windage arm whereby movements of said arm about its pivotal connection will effect reciprocal movement of said member for accomplishing a windage adjustment of said sight.

8. An adjustable sight for guns, including in combination, a base having a bifurcated portion with aligned transversely extending grooves, a sight mount having portions engageable with said transverse grooves and supported on said base for reciprocable movement, a member having a polygonal portion projecting through an opening in said sight mount and a pair of spaced shoulders disposed between the bifurcated portion of said base, means interconnecting said bifurcated portion and said shoulders and supporting said member for reciprocable movement, a sight barrel extension rotatably mounted on said sight mount but restrained against axial movement relative thereto, a sight barrel having threaded engagement with said sight barrel extension whereby relative rotation therehetween will effect axial movement of said sight barrel, a non-rotatable sight operatively engaging said sight barrel such that axial movement of said sight barrel and rotation of said sight barrel effect axial movement of said sight, the construction and arrangement being such that a vertical zeroing adjustment of said sight may be accomplished by effecting relative rotation between said sight barrel and said sight barrel extension, and means operatively associated with said member for effecting reciprocable movement of said member and said sight to effect a lateral Zeroing adjustment of said sight.

9. The combination set forth in claim 8 wherein said sight includes a cylindrical portion having a polygonal opening into which the polygonal portion of said member projects, and wherein the operative connection between said sight and said sight barrel is constituted by interengaging threads on the cylinder and the sight barrel.

10. The combination set forth in claim 9 wherein the means operatively associated with said member for effecting reciprocable movement thereof include an arm having an end portion situated between and engaging the spaced shoulders thereof, and means supporting said arm for transverse movement relative to the gun to accomplish said lateral zeroing adjustment.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,088,352 Leushner Feb. 24, 1914 1,113,471 Nelson Oct. 13, 1914 1,370,478 Paulson Mar. 1, 1921 2,370,654 Garand Mar. 6, 1945 2,585,933 Harvey Feb. 19, 1952 FOREIGN PATENTS 11,707 Great Britain 1887 

